Across Joburg, water distribution networks remain critically strained under the weight of decaying infrastructure, bulk restrictions from Rand Water, and chronic municipal management failures, causing residents in Kensington, Parktown, Melville, and Lenasia to take to the streets. Johannesburg residents took to the streets of Melville on Wednesday morning to protest against prolonged water shortages, as demonstrations spread across the city just days before the 4 November.